What are the different types of energy storage solutions in electric vehicles?

Battery, Fuel Cell, and Super Capacitor are energy storage solutions implemented in electric vehicles, which possess different advantages and disadvantages.

What are alternative energy storage for vehicles?

Another alternative energy storage for vehicles are hydrogen FCs, although, hydrogen has a lower energy density compared to batteries.

What is energy storage in EVs?

In EVs, the type of energy storage is, together with the drive itself, one of the crucial components of the system.

Can hydrogen fuel cells be used as energy storage solution for EVs?

The implementation of hydrogen Fuel Cells (FCs) as energy storage solution for EVs is another approach to reduce charging times and increase the range of the vehicle [ 14 ]. Furthermore, hydrogen can be produced from sterilized water through renewable energy sources and consequently, can be seen as a clean fuel.

Why is SC a good secondary ESS solution for EVs?

Using SCs as a secondary ESS solution for EVs is useful because of its high power density, less negative impacts on air quality compared to batteries [ 64 ], durability, safety, and short period of recharging [ 17, 87 ]. The power density of SCs is in a range of 300–5000 W/kg [ 88 ].

Can energy storage systems replace ICEVs permanently?

The combination of these Energy Storage Systems, rather than the sole use of one solution, has the potential to meet the required performance results, with regards to high energy density, lower energy consumption and a longer driving range of EVs, to replace ICEVs permanently.